I. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibiswa uye pretreatment
1. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu
Mhando: Sarudza marudzi ane nyama yakasimba, yakakwira shuga yemukati (≥14%), chimiro chemichero chenguva dzose, uye hapana zvipembenene nezvirwere.
Kukura: Zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana kuibva kwakakodzera, muchero weorenji-yero, uye nyama yakasimba. Overripe kana mbishi persimmons anozokanganisa kunaka mushure mekuoma.
Kuongorora: Bvisa michero yakaora, michero yakaremara, uye michero ine kukuvara kwemagetsi.
2. Kuchenesa nekusvuura
Kuchenesa: Wedzera 0.5% dilute hydrochloric acid kunyura kwemaminetsi mashanu-10 kuti uwedzere kuchenesa maitiro, wozogeza nemvura yakachena.
Peeling: Shandisa manual peeling kana mechanical peeling muchina kubvisa peel. Kana ikasagadziriswa pakarepo mushure mekusvuura, inogona kunyikwa mumusanganiswa we0.5% munyu uye 0.1% citric acid kudzivirira oxidation uye browning.
3. Kucheka uye kubvisa dzinde
Kucheka: Cheka persimmon kuita zvidimbu nehupamhi hunenge 0.5-1 cm. Kana iwe uchida kugadzira michero yakaomeswa, unogona kusvetuka nhanho yekucheka, asi iwe unofanirwa kugadzira muchinjiko mudiki kucheka pahunde kuti ufambise kubuda kwemvura.
Kubvisa dzinde: Shandisa banga kubvisa dzinde uye calyx yepersimmon kuti uone nzvimbo yakachekwa yakatsetseka.
II. Kudzivirirwa kweruvara uye kuomesa kurapa (yakasarudzika nhanho)
1. Kurapa kwekudzivirira kwemavara
Blanching: Isa persimmon mumvura inopisa pa80-90℃kwema 2-3 maminetsi ekuparadza oxidase chiitiko mu pulp uye kudzivirira browning panguva yekuomesa. Mushure me blanching, kurumidza kutonhora kusvika kukamuri tembiricha nemvura inotonhora.
Sulfur treatment: Kana kuchengetedza kwenguva yakareba kunodiwa, sulfur fumigation inogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza ruvara. Isa mapersimmons muimba yekuputira sulfur, shandisa 300-500 gramu yesulfure kune imwe neimwe makirogiramu zana ezvigadzirwa, pisa sarufa uye uisimbise kwemaawa 4-6. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo sarufa yakasara inofanirwa kusangana nemiyero yekuchengetedza chikafu (≤50mg/kg).
2. Kuomesa kurapa
Kune marudzi ane nyama yakapfava, persimmons inogona kunyikwa mu 0.1% -0.2% calcium chloride solution kwemaawa 1-2 kuomesa nyama yepulp uye kudzivirira deformation kana kuora panguva yekuoma. Shamba nemvura yakachena mushure mekurapwa.
III. Kugadzirira kusati kwaoma
1. Kuputira uye kuisa
Isa mapersimmons akagadzirwa zvakaenzana patireyi yekubikira kana waya rack, 1-2 cm kureba kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, dzivisa kurongedza, chengetedza mhepo yakanaka uye yunifomu yekubuda kwemvura. Paunenge uchiomesa muchero wose, isa dzinde remuchero kumusoro kuitira kuti mvura ibude.
Tray yekubikira inogona kugadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina, bamboo kana purasitiki yegiredhi yechikafu, uye inoda kuchengetedzwa utachiona isati yashandiswa (sekupukuta ne75% doro) kudzivirira kusvibiswa.
2. Pre-drying (natural drying)
Kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira, mapersimmons anogona kufanoomeswa muzuva kwemazuva 1-2 kuti abudise hunyoro hwepamusoro uye kuderedza nguva yekuomesa. Munguva yekuomesa isati yaoma, zvakakosha kuvhara ne gauze kudzivirira kurumwa neumhutu uye kusvibiswa kweguruva, uye kuishandura pamusoro pe 1-2 kanomwe pazuva kuti uone kuomeswa kweyunifomu.
IV. Drying process control (key links)
1. Kusarudzwa kwemichina yekuomesa
Iyo Western Flag yekuomesa michina inotora PLC yakangwara kutonga uye chaiyo tembiricha kutonga; iyo inopisa sosi yakakura, semagetsi, pombi yekupisa, chiutsi, mvura inopisa, mafuta ekupisa, gasi rechisikigo, LPG, dizeli, biogas, biomass pellets, huni, marasha, nezvimwewo; maererano nezvibereko zvepersimmons, unogona kusarudza imba yekuomesera kana bhanhire rinoomesa.
Izvi zvinotevera chirevo chekuomeswa kwekamuri yekuomesa
2. Kuomesa maitiro parameters
Danho 1: Preheating (0-2 maawa)
Tembiricha: zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kubva 30℃kusvika ku45℃, humidity inodzorwa pa60% -70%, uye kumhanya kwemhepo i1-2 m/s.
Chinangwa: kuenzana kuwedzera tembiricha yemukati yepersimmons uye kumisa kutama kwemwando kusvika pamusoro.
Danho rechipiri: Kuomesa nguva dzose (2-10 maawa)
Tembiricha: 45-55℃, humidity yakaderedzwa kusvika 40% -50%, mhepo inomhanya 2-3 m / s.
Kushanda: Shandura zvinhu pamusoro pemaawa maviri ega ega kuti uone kupisa kweyunifomu. Mvura yakawanda inoputika panguva ino, uye uremu hwepersimmons hunoderedzwa ne50%.
Danho rechitatu: Kuomesa zvishoma nezvishoma (10-20 maawa)
Tembiricha: zvishoma nezvishoma inokwira kusvika 60-65℃, unyoro hunodzorwa pasi pe30%, kumhanya kwemhepo 1-2 m/s.
Chinangwa: Deredzai mwero wekubuda kwehunyoro hwepamusoro, kudzivirira pamusoro pepersimmons kubva pakukora, uye kusimudzira kunonoka kupararira kwehunyoro hwemukati kunze.
Danho 4: Kutonhora chiyero (mushure memaawa makumi maviri)
Tembiricha: inodonha pasi pe40℃, bvisa gadziriro yekudziya, chengetedza mhepo, uye ita kuti hunyoro hwemukati hwepersimmons hugovane zvakaenzana.
Mutongo wekupedzisira: Hunyoro hwemapersimmons akaomeswa hunofanirwa kudzorwa pa15% -20%. Nyama inofanira kuva elastic uye kwete kunamatira kana yakasvinwa nemaoko, uye hapana muto unofanirwa kubuda mushure mekucheka.
3. Chengetedzo
Munguva yekuomesa, tembiricha uye hunyoro hunofanirwa kutariswa munguva chaiyo kudzivirira tembiricha yakawandisa ichikonzera kuti persimmons ipise kana kurasikirwa nekudya (kurasikirwa kwevhitamini C kwakakosha kana ichipfuura makumi manomwe.℃).
Nguva yekuomeswa yepersimmons emhando dzakasiyana uye nzira dzekucheka dzakasiyana, uye maparamita ekuita anoda kugadziridzwa. Semuenzaniso, nguva yekuomeswa kwemichero yose inowanzoita maawa 5-10 yakareba kupfuura iyo yakachekwa.muchero.
V. Kupfava uye kuisa magiredhi
1. Kupfava kurapwa
Isa mapersimmons akaomeswa mumudziyo wakavharwa kana bhegi repurasitiki uye uzvisungirire kwemazuva 1-2 kuti ugovere hunyoro munyama, ita kuti hunyoro huve hunyoro uye yunifomu, uye kudzivisa kuputika kana kuoma.
2. Kudhirowa uye kuongorora
Kuyera saizi, ruvara uye chimiro:
Zvigadzirwa zvekirasi yekutanga: chimiro chakazara, yunifomu ruvara (orenji-tsvuku kana rima yero), hapana kukuvadzwa, mildew uye kusvibiswa, yakakwira shuga.
Zvigadzirwa zvechipiri: Kuchinja kudiki kunobvumidzwa, ruvara rwakareruka zvishoma, uye hapana chakakanganisika.
Bvisa zvigadzirwa zvisina ruvara, zvakaputsika kana zvinonhuwa zvisina kukodzera.
VI. Matambudziko akajairika uye mhinduro
Kusviba kwakakomba Kudzivirirwa kweruvara kwakashata kana tembiricha yekuomeswa kwakadzika Simbisa kudzivirira kwemavara (sekuwedzera tembiricha yeblanching kana kuwedzera nguva yekufukidzira sarufa), chengetedza tembiricha yekuomesa kwekutanga.≥45℃
Surface crusting Tembiricha yekuomesa kwekutanga yakakwira zvakanyanya Dzikisa tembiricha yekutanga, wedzera kufefetera, uye kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura nekukurumidza.
Internal mildew Iva nechokwadi chekuti mvura yakawandisa kana kuti ine mwando≤20% mushure mekuoma, chengetedza humidity panguva yekuchengetedza, uye wedzera desiccant kana zvichidiwa
Kunyanya kuravira Kuomesa tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya kana kuti nguva yarebesa Rongedza maparamendi ekuomesa, pfupisa tembiricha yepamusoro nguva, uye kupfava zvizere.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-02-2025
